Sainteks: Jurnal Sain dan Teknik

Optimation of Social Assistance Recipient Determination Using K-Means Clustering Algorithm and K-Nearest Neighbour Algorithm

2025-09-28T16:11:57+00:00

Determining the status of the family as recipients of assistance is very important, so that aid can be distributed accurately. Data mining takes advantage of experience or even mistakes in the past to add quality based on examples as well as the results of the analysis, one of which uses the capabilities of data mining techniques, namely clustering & classification. The purpose of this research is to determine the right beneficiaries. K-Means Clustering and K-Nearest Neighbor are 2 data mining problem solving algorithms used in selecting beneficiaries. Both of these troubleshooting algorithms make good performance. However, to be widely used, it is necessary to research which algorithm has higher accuracy. Based on this, in this study a comparison of the K-Means Clustering and K-Nearest Neighbor algorithms was carried out on the problem of selecting beneficiaries. Comparisons were made using 1760 data. Based on the tests that have been carried out, beneficiaries using k-means clustering got as much as 65.145% while K-Nearest Neighbor as much as 99.6501%. This shows that the K-Nearest Neighbor problem solving algorithm has higher accuracy.

Influence of Sodium Hydroxide Concentration and Soaking Duration on Absorbency and Weight of Tencel Fabric During Mercerization

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

Tencel fabric has characteristics similar to cotton fibers but possesses the durability of synthetic fibers. It is produced using environmentally friendly technology. Tencel is made with the solvent NMMO (N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide), which is recyclable up to 99%. This fabric is derived from cellulose fibers or regenerated cellulose fibers. The advantages of tencel include good absorbency, luster, and tensile strength. This study aims to determine the optimal concentration of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) and soaking time in the mercerization process during the finishing preparation of tencel fabric, focusing on weight reduction, absorbency, tensile strength, dimensional stability, and fiber morphology. Tencel is known for its easy fibrillation in wet conditions and significantly high tensile strength. Previous studies have shown that alkali treatment can enhance absorbency and luster. Mercerization was carried out with variations in caustic soda concentration at 7, 9, 11, and 13 °Be and soaking times of 30, 45, and 60 seconds. The results showed that higher caustic soda concentrations and longer soaking times led to decreases in weight, tensile strength, and dimensional stability. However, absorbency increased up to a certain concentration before declining again. This is also influenced by changes in fiber morphology due to the mercerization process using caustic soda. The optimum point was determined using a ranking and weighting method based on test results and evaluation of tencel fabric. The optimal mercerization condition was found at a caustic soda concentration of 9°Be with a soaking time of 45 seconds, yielding a weight reduction of 4.07%, absorbency of 4.5 cm/2 minutes, warp direction tensile strength of 6.34 N and weft direction of 7.5 N, and dimensional stability of 6.8% in the warp direction and 2.4% in the weft direction.

Effect of Time and Storage Conditions on the Stability of Citronellal Lotion

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

Commercial mosquito repellent lotion containing citronellal was tested for its stability to evaluate changes in the physical and chemical properties of the lotion at various times and storage condistions. This study used three variations of storage conditions; at 25°C, 30°C, 50°C, and sun exposured condition. Storage was carried out for 3 months and testing was carried out once a month for each storage condition. The lotion stability parameters tested included pH, viscosity, and citronellal content. Acidity measurement was carried out using a pH meter. Viscosity measurement was carried out using a Brookfield spindle helipath 96 viscometer at a speed of 12 rpm, while citronellal content measurement was carried out using gas chromatography. The results showed that storage time and temperature had a significant effect on the stability of citronellal lotion. The longer the lotion was stored, the viscosity and citronellal content decreased. In addition, higher storage temperatures also accelerated the decline in lotion stability, showed by significant changes in viscosity and citronellal content. Meanwhile, the pH of the lotion did not change significantly at each variation of storage time and conditions.

Keywords: mosquito, repellant, citronellal, stability.

The Effect of Digital Promotion and Destination Attractiveness on the Cultural Commodification Process at the Garut Ram Tourism Site

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

This study aims to analyze the influence of digital promotion and destination attractiveness on the process of cultural commodification in the Domba Tourism destination in Garut Regency, Indonesia. The Garut ram fighting tourism, a unique local cultural heritage, has yet to gain competitive strength compared to other destinations due to limited promotion and a lack of appealing cultural presentation. This research uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive-verificative method. Data were collected through a closed questionnaire distributed to 460 respondents who had visited the Domba Tourism site and were active social media users. The results of the regression analysis show that both digital promotion and destination attractiveness significantly influence cultural commodification, with digital promotion having a more dominant effect. Digital promotion plays a crucial role in expanding the reach of local cultural information and transforming traditional practices into attractive tourism products for both domestic and international markets. The study recommends optimizing an integrated digital marketing strategy to enhance the competitiveness of cultural tourism and support the sustainable preservation of local culture.

Process Analysis of Producing Single Mesh Warp Knit Fabric Using a Double Needle Raschel Warp Knitting Machine

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

This study was conducted to evaluate the flexibility of the double needle bar Raschel machine in producing a mesh fabric design that is conventionally manufactured using a single needle bar Tricot machine. The research involved adjusting several parameters on the Raschel machine, including the number of needle bar positions, guide bar spacing, gudie bar shogging, and run-in values, in order to produce mesh fabric comparable to that produced by the Tricot machine. Subsequently, the physical properties of the resulting fabric were evaluated and compared to those of mesh fabric produced by the single needle bar Tricot machine, using ASTM standards. The test results indicate that the mesh fabric prduced using the double needle bar Raschel machine exhibit similar physical properties—including fabric weight (GSM), course per inch (CPI), wale per inch (WPI), thickness, tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion resistance, and bursting strength—to those of the fabric produced by the Tricot machine. These findings were supported by T-test results, which showed no statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) across all measured properties. The findings indicate that modern double-needle Raschel machines are capable of adapting to replicate the output of older single-needle Tricot maschines, offering a viable solution for production continuity when legacy equipment is no longer operational.

Optimizing Sustainable Supply Chains in Apparel Production through System Dynamics Modeling using Vensim

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

Supply chain management plays a crucial role in manufacturing processes, where the flow of goods begins with raw materials and continues to the end consumer, involving various complexities and uncertainties at each stage. Computer-based modeling and simulation are highly useful methods for addressing operational issues within the supply chain, as they are capable of solving complex problems that would otherwise be time-consuming and challenging to analyze manually. On the other hand, manufacturing companies are often concerned about losing valuable time and resources during production; inaccurate estimations of raw materials, labor, and equipment not only result in financial losses but also cause adverse environmental impacts. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that system dynamics modeling in sustainable supply chain management can be applied to apparel production in order to optimize the use of materials, labor, and equipment. This research employs Vensim as a modeling and simulation tool due to its ability to represent causal relationships, manage complex feedback loops, and visualize system dynamics over time. By utilizing Vensim, manufacturing companies can simulate various supply chain scenarios in a controlled environment, thereby minimizing resource waste and enhancing sustainability through the reduction of energy consumption, material use, and labor. Shirt manufacturing was selected as the case study because its production process is relatively straightforward, while this garment type is also widely used across the globe. The findings of this study indicate that simulation using system dynamics modeling with Vensim is an efficient method for optimizing the utilization of materials, labor, and equipment in shirt production. This leads to a more sustainable manufacturing process, as the developed model allows for the evaluation of supply chain policies and their impacts before implementation in real systems.

Integration of AHP and SAW Methods for Disaster Evacuation Location Selection in Cimahi City

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

This study was conducted in Cimahi City, West Java Province, and aims to determine suitable evacuation sites by identifying relevant criteria, evaluating existing sites, selecting the most appropriate locations, and assessing vehicle compatibility for emergency access. The research used the AHP and SAW methods. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussions, questionnaires, and field observations. The study identified four main criteria and eleven sub-criteria: land use: land ownership, land area, and land suitability; accessibility: proximity to evacuation routes and road networks; infrastructure availability: proximity to the cimahi bpbd office, security facilities, medical facilities, and clean water facilities; and environmental factors: secondary hazards and pollution sources. The results showed that the most suitable evacuation sites based on the combined weight of sub-criteria are: Alun-Alun Cimahi (Cimahi Tengah), Lapangan Dapenma Pamsi (Cimahi Selatan), Lapangan Arhanud (Cimahi Tengah), Lapangan Manunggal Brigif (Cimahi Selatan), Lapangan Bola P4TK BMTI/TTUC (Cimahi Utara), and Lapangan Cibaligo (Cimahi Utara). All evacuation sites can be accessed by all types of vehicles owned by the Cimahi City BPBD, such as ranger cars, trail motorcycles, water tank trailers, pickup trucks, and field kitchen trucks.

Rainfall Data as an Indicator of Climate Change (Case Study: Kuta District, Badung Regency)

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

Climate change is a global issue that has a clear impact on rainfall patterns, especially in coastal areas. This study examines rainfall changes in Kuta District, Badung Regency, using CHIRPS satellite data from 1981 to 2024. The validity of CHIRPS data was confirmed by comparing it with data from the Ngurah Rai meteorological station (1 station; 1981–2020 period; monthly scale) by matching the CHIRPS grid to the station location. The validation showed a high level of accuracy (r = 0.934; R² = 0.878), thus proving the reliability of CHIRPS as a data source. Trend analysis using the Mann-Kendall test, along with Sen's slope calculation (+7.92 mm/year; 95% CI), showed a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05). Furthermore, trend testing on the extreme rainfall intensity index (R50mm, RX1day) revealed an increase in the frequency of heavy rainfall after 2019, which was confirmed by indications of abrupt changes based on the Pettitt test. The results of this study align with scientific publications and climate change projections in tropical regions. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring using remote sensing technology in areas with limited rain gauge stations. These findings imply the need to formulate adaptation strategies related to hydrometeorology and improved water resource management.

Identifying Gojek Problems Using Servqual And Kano Methods

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

This study aims to analyze service quality issues faced by Gojek, an Indonesian digital platform, using the SERVQUAL and Kano methods. SERVQUAL measures the gap between user expectations and perceptions across five dimensions: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. Data were collected from 78 Gojek users. Findings show that all 19 service attributes exhibit negative gaps, indicating customer expectations exceed perceived performance. Key attributes with the largest gaps, such as driver timeliness and responsiveness, are classified as Must-be or One-dimensional, critical for customer satisfaction. Some features were identified as Attractive or Indifferent, suggesting areas for strategic service improvements. This research offers a framework for Gojek to enhance service quality and maintain competitive advantage in a saturated digital market.

Analysis of Cable Part Defects in DL02 Identical E-KTP Reader with Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Approach at PT X

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

PT X produces and sells the e-KTP Reader, specifically the “Identik DL 02” model, which is an electronic reader device for the Indonesian electronic ID card (KTP-el). A quality issue was found in this product, particularly in the cable parts, where a high number of defects occurred. The defective parts included four types of cables: fingerprint cable, chipset cable, on-off button cable, and battery cable. To analyze these defects, the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method was applied. FMEA is a robust risk assessment method that evaluates potential risks in the design, production, and service stages of a company’s operations, aiming to reduce or eliminate such risks. The goal of FMEA is to ensure that products meet customer requirements, analyze product characteristics from the design phase, identify the causes and effects of failures, determine types of failures, and establish corrective actions to eliminate them. In this study, two tools from the seven quality tools were used: the Fishbone diagram and Pareto chart. The Fishbone diagram was used to identify cause-and-effect relationships for cable part defects, while the Pareto chart was employed to analyze processed data. Based on the FMEA calculation, the chipset cable was identified as the component with the highest potential defects. The most critical defect was found in the PVC insulation of the chipset cable, with the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN) value of 1,060. The main contributing factor was equipment, which had an RPN value of 385.

Development of Biodegradable Nonwoven Mulch Mats from Ijuk Fiber for Sustainable Agriculture

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

Abstract: Nonwoven agrotextile made from ijuk fiber (Arenga pinnata Merr.) was developed as a biodegradable mulch alternative for sustainable tropical agriculture. This study produced mulch mats using a combination of needle punching and thermal bonding at bonding pressures of 25, 50, and 75 bar. Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated in terms of tensile strength, elongation, basis weight, thickness, water absorption, and air and water permeability. The results showed that 75 bar yielded the highest tensile strength (0.19 kN), optimal elongation (15.92 %), and superior water–air permeability, whereas 25 bar excelled in basis weight (46.07 g/m²), thickness (2.55 mm), and water absorption (334.10 %). Pressure variation significantly (p < 0.05) influenced all parameters, indicating that bonding pressure is a key variable for balancing mechanical strength with agronomic functions—drainage, aeration, and moisture retention. With tunable structural and functional performance, ijuk fiber mulch mats offer an eco‑friendly solution capable of replacing single‑use plastic mulches. Scaling up this product could support sustainable agricultural practices and reduce plastic waste in peatland areas.

Keywords: agrotextile, mulch mat, ijuk fiber, nonwoven, sustainable

Optimization of Inventory Processes in University Laboratories Using Business Process Reengineering Method

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

This study aims to optimize inventory management in university laboratories by redesigning the business process. The redesign is conducted using the Business Process Reengineering (BPR) approach. A lean-based analysis is applied to evaluate each inventory process by classifying them into value-adding, non-value-adding, or necessary but non-value-adding activities. The mapping of the initial inventory process and the development of improvement scenarios are carried out using Unified Modeling Language (UML). The redesigned inventory process is tested through simulation using iGrafx. Based on the simulation results, there is an improvement of 53% in the average processing time and 86% in the average waiting time. These improvements are achieved by merging compatible processes and implementing centralized storage.

Minimizing the Shipping Costs for Soes Cakes by Sari Asih SME Using the Transportation Method

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

The increasing demand for jobs in Indonesia, coupled with limited employment opportunities, has encouraged many to establish Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Effective management is vital, especially for businesses with multiple branches, to ensure efficient product distribution and cost minimization. This study focuses on Sari Asih SME, a soes cake producer with several production facilities that supply various marketing locations. Using the Transportation Method from operational research, the study found that the optimal shipping cost is IDR 48,750, demonstrating a feasible and efficient solution.

A Feasibility Study Of 100 Kl/Day Bioethanol Plant From Sugarcane Production As Part Of National Energy Mix Strategy

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

This study evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of constructing a 100 KL/day bioethanol production plant from sugarcane as part of Indonesia's national energy mix strategy. The research employs comprehensive analysis including mass balance, energy balance, technical design, and financial evaluation. The plant design utilizes fermentation and distillation processes with an annual production capacity of 36,500 KL bioethanol. Mass balance calculations show that 1,200 tons/day of sugarcane feedstock is required, producing 100 KL ethanol, 480 tons bagasse, and 120 tons vinasse daily. Energy balance analysis indicates the plant can achieve energy self-sufficiency through bagasse combustion for steam and electricity generation. Technical evaluation confirms the feasibility of implementing proven bioethanol production technology. Financial analysis reveals total investment requirement of USD 45.2 million with Net Present Value of USD 12.8 million, Internal Rate of Return of 18.5%, and payback period of 6.2 years at 12% discount rate. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates project robustness against feedstock price and ethanol selling price variations. The study concludes that the bioethanol plant is technically feasible and economically viable, contributing significantly to Indonesia's renewable energy targets and rural economic development while reducing dependency on fossil fuel imports

Production Layout Optimization Using SLP for Material Handling Cost Efficiency

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

The efficiency of facility layout plays a crucial role in determining material handling costs (OMH) within a production system. This study was conducted at PT AR Jaya, a tofu manufacturing plant in Tasikmalaya, which experienced excessive OMH due to inefficient layout and long material transfer distances between workstations. The objective of this research is to redesign the production facility layout to reduce OMH and improve workflow efficiency. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, including field observation, primary data collection, and process mapping using Operation Process Chart (OPC), Multi Product Process Chart (MPPC), and From-To Chart. The redesign process adopted the Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) method, supported by Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) to analyze inter-process proximity. The findings reveal that the initial layout resulted in a total material transfer distance of 537.5 meters with a daily OMH of Rp60,000. The proposed layout reduced the transfer distance to 424.5 meters and OMH to Rp47,374 per day, achieving a cost efficiency of 12%. It can be concluded that a systematic facility layout redesign significantly reduces material handling costs and enhances production efficiency. It is recommended that the proposed layout be implemented and reviewed periodically to ensure long-term operational improvements.

Proposed Improvement of Production Facility Layout at PT XYZ Using Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) Method to Minimize Material Handling Costs

2025-09-28T16:11:58+00:00

PT XYZ is a company engaged in the production of herbal food products. Observations indicate that the current production facility layout is not optimal, primarily due to the use of two separate buildings, which results in inefficient material flow. The presence of backtracking patterns and underutilized areas further contributes to increased material handling costs, which reach Rp5,846,182 per month. This study aims to propose an improved facility layout to minimize material transfer distance and time while reducing material handling costs, thereby enhancing production efficiency. The Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) method is employed to analyze the interrelationships between production activities based on spatial proximity. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to production employees to identify layout requirements for greater efficiency. The ARC analysis results are visualized in the Activity Relationship Diagram (ARD) and Area Allocation Diagram (AAD), which serve as the foundation for designing the proposed layout. The evaluation of the new layout demonstrates significant improvements, including a reduction in material transfer distance by 31,999 meters per month, a decrease in transfer time by 17,480 seconds per month, and an efficiency gain in material handling costs amounting to Rp3,522,508 per month (60.25%). These findings are expected to serve as a reference for the manufacturing sector in designing more efficient production facility layouts to enhance productivity and reduce operational costs.