Seleksi calon pohon plus gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) di agrowisata kebun gaharu Purwakarta
Keywords:
Aquilaria malaccensis, plus tree selection, seed source
Abstract
Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) is a commodity with high economic value. The increasing demand for agarwood has promoted the development of agarwood cultivation, the success of which is largely determined by seed quality and the selection of appropriate seed source provenances. The selection of candidate plus trees is an effort to obtain high-quality seed sources. This study aimed to identify morphologically superior agarwood trees through plus tree selection at Agrowisata Kebun Gaharu Purwakarta site. The morphological paramVeters assessed included stem diameter, tree height, number of primary branches, crown height, crown area, and biomass. Data analysis was conducted using threshold values greater than the mean of each measured parameter. Candidate plus trees were defined as trees with parameter values exceeding the established thresholds. Correlation analysis was applied to examine relationships among parameters. The results identified 10 candidate plus agarwood trees selected from 81 evaluated trees, namely trees numbered 3, 8, 14, 15, 24, 29, 32, 34, 46, and 69. The highest parameter values were observed in candidate plus trees numbered 8, 32, and 34. Product-moment correlation analysis revealed significant and highly significant correlations between the number of primary branches and crown area, stem diameter and tree height, stem diameter and biomass, as well as tree height and crown height.
References
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Wongwachimaphet, P., Neimsuwan, T., Ishiguri, F., Nezu, I. & Diloksumpun, S. (2024). Seed Source Selection for Improvement of Growth and Wood Traits in 10-Year-Old Fraxinus griffithii C. B. Clarke Trees Planted in Northern Highlands of Thailand. Forests 2024, 15, 1974. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15111974
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Zanne, A.E., Lopez-Gonzales, G., Coomes, D.A., Ilic, J., Jansen, S., Lewis, S.L., Miller, R.B., Swenson, N.G., Wiemann, M.C., Chave, J., (2009). Data from : Toward a Worldwide Wood Economics Spectrum. Dryad Feb 04 2009. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad234
Zhao, M., Ma, M., Wang, W., Cao, S., Cao, G. & Li, H. (2024). Effects of Different Tree Shapes on Canopy Characteristics of Zaosu Pear (Pyrus ssp. Va.) in the Northwest Arid Zone. Horticulturae, 2024, Vol 10, Issue 12, p1254. DOI : 10.3390/horticulturae10121254
Ahmed, F.R.S & Bhagabati, A.K. (2021). Agarwood practice and rural livelihoods in Naharani area of Golaghat District, Assam, North-East India. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge Vol 20(2), April 2021, pp 582-594. DOI: 10.56042/ijtk.v20i2.29564
Buragohain, P.P & Dutta, A. (2024). Economic Analysis of Agarwood Cultivation in Assam, India: An Empirical Investigation. Preprints. Posted 16 January 2024. https://doi.org/10.20944/ preprints202401.1162.v1
Cobbinah, P., Apraku, D.Y.P., Nasare, L.I. & Abengmeneng, C.S. (2024). Effect of provenance on seed-borne Mycoflora, germination and seedling disease incidence on Khaya Senegalensis seeds in Ghana. Journal of Science and Technology 2024, 10(01), 032–043. https://doi.org/10.53022/oarjst.2024.10.1.0079
Dhonde, S., Neetha, P. & Shirin, F. (2024) Correlation Analysis among Growth, Wood Density, and Seed Traits in Gmelina arborea: A Comprehensive Study. Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International, 25 (6). pp. 140-146. https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2024/v25i6647
Di Fabio, A., Buttò, V., Chakraborty, D., O’Neill, G.A., Schueler, S. & Kreyling, J. (2024). Climatic conditions at provenance origin influence growth stability to changes in climate in two major tree species. Front. For. Glob. Change. 7:1422165. doi: 10.3389/ffgc.2024.1422165
Fauzan, M.R., Rosniawaty, S., Maxiselly, Y. & Ariyanti, M. (2024). Respon pertumbuhan tanaman Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) terhadap dosis pupuk kandang sapi. Composite : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian 6(2):120-126. https://doi.org/10.37577/composite.v6i2.715
Fu, W., Niu, C., Hu, C., Zhang, P., & Chen, Y. (2024). Constructing and Validating Estimation Models for Individual-Tree Aboveground Biomass of Salix suchowensis in China. Forests, 15(8), 1371. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081371
Hazarika, A., Deka, J.R. & Nath, P.C. (2023). Modelling habitat suitability of the critically endangered Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) in the Indian East Himalayan region. Biodivers Conserv 32, 4787–4803 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02727-3
Jaiswal, M., Singh, L & Jha, Z. (2023). Candidate Plus Tree Selection of Buchanania lanzan Tree in Central Region of Chhattisgarh. Environment and Ecology 41(3): 1457—1464.
Kamarubahrin, A.F., (2025). Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis): A review on ecosystem, functions, threats, and potential market in Malaysia. International Wood Products Journal. 2025;16(2):157-162. doi:10.1177/20426445251332393
Krutovsky, K. V., Popova, A. A., Yakovlev, I. A., Yanbaev, Y. A., & Matveev, S. M. (2025). Response of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Genetic and Dendrochronological Studies. Plants, 14(1), 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14010109
Kwok, W., Zhang, H., Yang, F., Gale, S.W., Gunter A. Fischer, G.A., & Saunders, R.M.K. (2024). Life history traits associated with high fecundity help offset the worst genetic impacts of targeted poaching in Aquilaria sinensis. Global Ecology and Conservation, Volume 50, 2024, e02814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e02814.
Lee, K., Kim, I. & Choi, W. (2023). Enhancing Breeding Potential and Genetic Conservation: A Comprehensive Approach to Plus-Tree Selection for Tilia amurensis Improvement. Forests 2023, 14(10), 1972. https://doi.org/10.3390/f14101972
Mohapatra S.R., Pujari RR, M.N. A. & Panda, LRL. (2025). Plus tree selection of Casuarina equisetifolia L. in eastern coastal plain of Odisha. Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 025;23(1):56-65. doi:10.1017/S1479262124000534
Neetha, P & Dhonde, S. (2023). Selection of Candidate Plus Trees (CPTs) of Azadirachta indica from Different Provenances of South Eastern Rajasthan for Tree Improvement. Journal of Plant Science Research, 2023, Vol 39, Issue 3, p1. DOI 10.32381/JPSR.2023.39.03.6
Rajora, O.P., Parveen, A.B.M. & Dasgupta, M.G. (2024). Provenance Variation in Seed and Fruit Pod Traits of Multipurpose Wonder Forest Tree Siris (Albizzia lebbek) in Northern India and Relationships with Bioclimatic Factors. Preprints. Posted: 4 March 2024. doi: 10.20944/preprints202403.0146.v1
Sharma, U., Sankhyan, H.P., Kumari, A. et al. (2024). Genomic selection: a revolutionary approach for forest tree improvement in the wake of climate change. Euphytica 220, 9 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-023-03263-5
Torok, K., Valko. O & Deak, B. (2024). Ecosystem restoration with local or broad seed provenancing: Debates and perceptions in science and practice. Biological Conservation Vol 293, 2024, 110535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110535.
Umesh Kanna, S., Parthiban, K. T., Senthilraja, K., Venkatesan, S., Udhaya Nandhini, D., Mohan Kumar, S., Dhasarathan, M., Kumaresan, P., Sai, M. J., Raveendran, M., & Geethalakshmi, V. (2024). Genetic Diversity and Structure of Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn. Roxb.) Population in India as Revealed by Genetic Analysis. Plants, 13(4), 470. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13040470
Wongwachimaphet, P., Neimsuwan, T., Ishiguri, F., Nezu, I. & Diloksumpun, S. (2024). Seed Source Selection for Improvement of Growth and Wood Traits in 10-Year-Old Fraxinus griffithii C. B. Clarke Trees Planted in Northern Highlands of Thailand. Forests 2024, 15, 1974. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15111974
Yadav, A., Chauhan, K., Nishad, R. & Singh, S. (2024). Exploring Novel Habitat for Critically Endangered Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk. in Terai Region of Uttar Pradesh. PhytoTalks. 1(2):110-113. https://doi.org/10.21276/pt.2024.1.2.4
Yentiana, R.A., Kusmana, C. & Hilwan, I. (2024). Komposisi jenis, struktur tegakan dan produktivitas serasah hutan penelitian Dramaga, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Hutan Tropis 12(2):181-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jht.v12i2.19754
Zanne, A.E., Lopez-Gonzales, G., Coomes, D.A., Ilic, J., Jansen, S., Lewis, S.L., Miller, R.B., Swenson, N.G., Wiemann, M.C., Chave, J., (2009). Data from : Toward a Worldwide Wood Economics Spectrum. Dryad Feb 04 2009. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad234
Zhao, M., Ma, M., Wang, W., Cao, S., Cao, G. & Li, H. (2024). Effects of Different Tree Shapes on Canopy Characteristics of Zaosu Pear (Pyrus ssp. Va.) in the Northwest Arid Zone. Horticulturae, 2024, Vol 10, Issue 12, p1254. DOI : 10.3390/horticulturae10121254
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